Download. Louiss great fortune was in having among his subjects an extraordinary group of men in every area of activity. [5], Born into a prosperous family and having studied at the Collge de Clermont (now Lyce Louis-le-Grand), Molire was well suited to begin a life in the theatre. Although the sacred and secular authorities of 17th-century France often combined against him, the genius of Molire finally emerged to win him Stendhals description of Jean-Baptiste Poquelin as Molire, the great painter of man as he is is undoubtedly the most accurate. "Author of some of the finest comedies in the history of the theater", and Roy, p. 756. Max Size, 2827 x 1600px JPG, Size: 2.5 MB. [10] Corbin also thought the play too "literesque" but "intelligently so", and was enthused about the scenery, costumes, Alice Gale, and the lead actors. During the short span of Molires productive years, he was not at all a classical author, with leisure to plan and write as he would. The same year, he premiered L'cole des femmes (The School for Wives), subsequently regarded as a masterpiece. WebThis was the first grand party given in Versailles by Louis XIV, and was also the first time, under the aegis of the king, that Molire and Lully collaborated. Max Size, 2827 x 1600px JPG, Size: 2.5 MB. Landolt describes how Molieres comedy, Le Tartuffe, which portrays religious hypocrisy, involved him in troubles with devout persons at Court and with his patron, Louis XIV. To his traditional enemies Louis now added the entire Protestant world. His mother had inculcated in him a narrow and simplistic religion, and he understood nothing of the Reformation. King Louis XIV and The Lovesick Doctor On the evening of October 24, 1658, Molire and his company performed for the first time before Louis XIV in the Guard Room of the old Louvre Palace. King Louis XIIIs chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu, maneuvered to weaken the power of the nobility and consolidate the kings absolute authority, justified by a Hardouin de Perefixe, he refused to grant permission for a public performance. WebIn 1658, Louis XIV granted Molires acting company permission to take up residence in the Petit-Bourbon palace after the company had been touring the provinces for thirteen years, for which Molire, in the preface to one of his plays, expressed gratitude. WebLouis XIV and Molire (1862) Jean-Lon Grme (French, 1824-1904) Facebook Twitter Pinterest. Gaines 2002, p. 383 (birthdate); Scott 2000, p. 14 (names). Moeller's interpretation of this real-life figure is ahistorical. Favourite Collect. Molire, original name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, (baptized January 15, 1622, Paris, Francedied February 17, 1673, Paris), French actor and playwright, the greatest of all writers of French comedy. He viewed French Protestants as potential rebels. de Montespan tries to entice Molire. Reader in French Literature, University of Oxford. The King was under pressure from thedvotparty, which had a powerful ally in his Spanish mother, Anne of Austria, the most devoutly orthodox Catholic at Court. Le lien vers le site collection, Chteau de Versailles, Dist. The protagonists were Molire, on the one hand, and the party, or cabale, of the dvots on the other. The Palace of Versailles benefited from the France Relance plan. His 1660 play Sganarelle, ou Le Cocu imaginaire (The Imaginary Cuckold) seems to be a tribute both to Commedia dell'arte and to his teacher. Although unquestionably a great writer, Molire insisted that his plays were made for the stage, and his early prefaces complain that he had to publish to avoid exploitation. Performing a classic play by Pierre Corneille and a farce of his own, The Doctor in Love, Molire was granted the use of salle du Petit-Bourbon near the Louvre, a spacious room appointed for theatrical performances. At the time he was wrapped up with staging the first Theatre Guild productions. Molire reached Paris in 1658 and performed in front of the King at the Louvre (then for rent as a theatre) in Corneille's tragedy Nicomde and in the farce Le Docteur Amoureux with some success. With the advantage of royal patronage, Molires company began to grow in prestige. The ostentation, gambling, and entertainments did not disappear, but the court, subjected to an outward display of propriety, became suffused with boredom. These people accused Molire of having married his daughter. Favourite Collect. Two other comedies of the same year were the successful L'cole des maris (The School for Husbands) and Les Fcheux (The Bores), subtitled Comdie faite pour les divertissements du Roi (a comedy for the King's amusements) because it was performed during a series of parties that Nicolas Fouquet gave in honor of the sovereign. In 1661, Molire introduced the comdies-ballets in conjunction with Les Fcheux. In his plays, the comic is based on a double vision that holds together opposing ideas, such as wisdom and folly or right and wrong. [16] The title required only three months' work and an initial cost of 1,200 livres; the title paid 300 livres a year and provided a number of lucrative contracts. The monarchy became increasingly isolated from the people and thereby assumed a decidedly mythical quality. Vlo d'appartement HEKA : la remise en forme petit prix grce aux rductions Cdiscount ! Taking leave of his father, he joined the actress Madeleine Bjart, with whom he had crossed paths before, and founded the Illustre Thtre with 630 livres. Moreover, the official Gazette de France called the play wholly injurious to religion, and capable of having very dangerous effects. Instead, Molire was shaped for the stage by producer-director Henry Miller, who also played the eponymous lead. However, they made a crucial mistake by performing a tragedy instead of one of their popular comedies. Toad Testicles, Foul-Beard and Broad-Arse. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed at the Comdie-Franaise more often than those of any other playwright today. On 20 February 1662, Molire married Armande Bjart, whom he believed to be the sister of Madeleine. That the king was not pleased with Molires efforts at self-promotion may well have been one of the reasons why Louis XIV authorized Jean-Baptiste Lully to oversee all the material aspects of musical productions in France, including Molires comdies-ballets. Moliere was the alias of Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, born in 1622 to a upholsterer who served the royal household. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Pourquoi Louis XIV s'est-il install Versailles ? In 168889 the fall of the Stuarts and William of Oranges accession to the throne of England further reversed the situation to the detriment of France. (2,827 1,600 pixels, file size: 1.52 MB, MIME type: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/, Fine Arts: PICTURES ON EXHIBITION IN NEW YORK. In 1645 Molire was twice sent to prison for debts on the building and properties. WebLouis XIV and Molire (1862) Jean-Lon Grme (French, 1824-1904) Facebook Twitter Pinterest. This article is about the French playwright. These six days of spectacular celebrations firmly established the legend of Versailles as a festive venue. This royal favour brought a royal pension to his troupe and the title Troupe du Roi ("The King's Troupe"). Standard, 1800 x 1019px JPG, Size: 1.34 MB. Molire therefore decided to combine the ballet and the play so that his goal could be met while the performers catch their breath and change costume. The king's brother became Molire's patron; later Molire and his colleagues were appointed official providers of entertainment to the Sun King himself. The king's brother became Molire's patron; later Molire and his colleagues were appointed official providers of entertainment to the Sun King himself. Between 7 and 13 May 1664, Molire took part in The Pleasures of the Enchanted Island. Molire also studied as a provincial lawyer some time around 1642, probably in Orlans, but it is not documented that he ever qualified. The repulse of a Turkish invasion of his Austrian domains left the emperor free to oppose France in the west. This was a success despite a moral treatise by the Prince of Conti, criticizing the theatre in general and Molire in particular. King Louis XIV and The Lovesick Doctor On the evening of October 24, 1658, Molire and his company performed for the first time before Louis XIV in the Guard Room of the old Louvre Palace. Louis XIV, Molire Date 1862 date QS:P571,+1862-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 Medium oilon panel medium QS:P186,Q296955;P186,Q106857709,P518,Q861259 "Molire", pp. Romanticists admired his plays for the unconventional individualism they portrayed. He earned a position as one of the king's favourites and enjoyed his protection from the attacks of the court. Despite a fair amount of lines, this role was uncredited in program guides and reviews. When he refuses out of loyalty to the king and love for his wife, she shows him the latter dallying in the garden beneath the balcony. Molire, original name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, (baptized January 15, 1622, Paris, Francedied February 17, 1673, Paris), French actor and playwright, the greatest of all writers of French comedy. WebWhen he was 13 years old, Molire was sent to the prestigious school Jesuits College of Clermont (now Lyce Louis-le-Grand) until 1641. Franoise Madame de Montespan, mistress to Louis XIV. Louis himself on his deathbed said, I have loved war too much, but his subjects, who often complained of his prudence and moderation, would not have understood had he not used force to strengthen the frontiers of France. The Brooklyn Citizen also thought Bates' performance the best of the night. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [9] They summed up the play as being "richer in rhetoric than drama". Molire's friendship with Jean-Baptiste Lully influenced him towards writing his Le Mariage forc and La Princesse d'lide (subtitled as Comdie galante mle de musique et d'entres de ballet), written for royal "divertissements" at the Palace of Versailles. Its depiction of the hypocrisy of the dominant classes was taken as an outrage and violently contested. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. WebWhen he was 13 years old, Molire was sent to the prestigious school Jesuits College of Clermont (now Lyce Louis-le-Grand) until 1641. Molire insisted on completing his performance. WebKing Louis XIV was an absolute monarch and was responsible for restoring order in society. The monarchy became increasingly isolated from the people and thereby assumed a decidedly mythical quality. Moliresuffered repeated illness in the final years of his life. A keen-eyed observer of his contemporaries and avid chronicler of all their ways and works, Molire was skilled in all aspects of drama, appealing to both the public and the Court. [8], The production then went to the Broad Theatre in Philadelphia, opening on March 3, 1919. His absolute monarchy was one of the most successful during the Age of Absolution, having the longest rule of any monarch in Europe. The Sun King was at his zenith. Molire's study in his theatre in the Palais-Royal; two hours later. The queen died, and the king secretly married Mme de Maintenon, who imperceptibly gained in political influence. En la personne de Molire, le Roi SoleilSoleil trouve un esprit qui charmecharme son intellect. It was in competition for the Palme d'Or at Cannes in 1978. The king energetically devoted himself to building new residences. Three years later, in 1700, Charles II, the last Habsburg king of Spain, died, bequeathing his kingdoms to Louiss grandson, Philip of Anjou (Philip V). Molire is often associated with the claim that comedy castigat ridendo mores or "criticises customs through humour" (a phrase in fact coined by his contemporary Jean de Santeuil and sometimes mistaken for a classical Latin proverb). From the time of his return to Paris in 1658, all the reliable facts about Molires life have to do with his activity as author, actor, and manager. It was a strict academic environment, but with its emphasis on theatre and performing, it was Les Prcieuses, as well as Sganarelle (first performed in October 1660), probably had its premiere at the Thtre du Petit-Bourbon, a great house adjacent to the Louvre. Marie Cress died on 11 May 1632 (Gaines 2002, p. xi). Updates? They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. He never forgave the Dutch and swore to destroy their Protestant mercantile republic. It is testimony to the freshness of his vision that the greatest comic artists working centuries later in other media, such as Charlie Chaplin, have been compared to Molire. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. Please email digital@historytoday.com if you have any problems. All the power of the government was brought to bear in the construction of Versailles. King Louis XIIIs chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu, maneuvered to weaken the power of the nobility and consolidate the kings absolute authority, justified by a Les loups prolifrent en France, doit-on sen rjouir ? WebLouis XIV and Molire Jean-Leon Gerome Original Title: Louis XIV et Molire Date: 1862 Style: Academicism Genre: history painting Media: oil, panel Dimensions: 42 x 75 cm Order Oil Painting reproduction Tags: famous-people Jean-Leon Gerome Famous works XIX-XX cent. Some of the play's characters are historical, figures from the French court of the 1670s. This fact was forgotten in the 19th century. Landolt describes how Molieres comedy, Le Tartuffe, which portrays religious hypocrisy, involved him in troubles with devout persons at Court and with his patron, Louis XIV. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. WebThis was the first grand party given in Versailles by Louis XIV, and was also the first time, under the aegis of the king, that Molire and Lully collaborated. [22] Molire also collaborated with Jean-Baptiste Lully. With music by Lully, Molire presented L'Amour mdecin (Love Doctor or Medical Love). The monarchy became increasingly isolated from the people and thereby assumed a decidedly mythical quality. He knew well how to make use of them. Franoise Madame de Montespan, mistress to Louis XIV. England, the Dutch, and the emperor united in the Grand Alliance to resist Louiss expansionism. Landolt describes how Molieres comedy, Le Tartuffe, which portrays religious hypocrisy, involved him in troubles with devout persons at Court and with his patron, Louis XIV. Louis XIV, Molire Date 1862 date QS:P571,+1862-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 Medium oilon panel medium QS:P186,Q296955;P186,Q106857709,P518,Q861259 WebMoliere and Louis XIV R.B. He reconciled himself to another painful sacrifice when he recognized William of Orange as William III of England, in violation of his belief in the divine right of the Stuart king James II to Williams throne. In Lyon, Mademoiselle Du Parc, known as Marquise, joined the company. [11] Darnton accorded acting honors to Blanche Bates' royal mistress, with nods to Alice Gale's La Forest and Sidney Herbert's La Fontaine. Here it was that all Molires Paris plays were staged, starting with Dom Garcie de Navarre; ou, le prince jaloux (Don Garcia of Navarre; or, The Jealous Prince) in February 1661, a heroic comedy of which much was hoped; it failed on the stage and succeeded only in inspiring Molire to work on Le Misanthrope. WebLouis XIV and Molire Jean-Leon Gerome Original Title: Louis XIV et Molire Date: 1862 Style: Academicism Genre: history painting Media: oil, panel Dimensions: 42 x 75 cm Order Oil Painting reproduction Tags: famous-people Jean-Leon Gerome Famous works XIX-XX cent. In 1631, his father Jean Poquelin purchased from the court of Louis XIII the posts of "valet de chambre ordinaire et tapissier du Roi" ("valet of the King's chamber and keeper of carpets and upholstery"). Racine offered Molire his tragedy Thagne et Charicle (one of the early works he wrote after he had abandoned his theology studies), but Molire would not perform it, though he encouraged Racine to pursue his artistic career. It was a great success, and it led to his last work (see below), which is still held in high esteem. Les Femmes savantes (The Learned Ladies) of 1672 is considered another of Molire's masterpieces. [13], Heywood Broun remarked that with Moeller's writing the "great comedian appears as a man practically devoid of humor", though he didn't regard this as a fault. He collapsed on stage in a fit of coughing and haemorrhaging while performing in the last play he had written, which had lavish ballets performed to the music of Marc-Antoine Charpentier and which ironically was titled Le Malade imaginaire (The Imaginary Invalid). Ever attentive to furthering his status as a preeminent man of letters in Europe, Molire walked the fine line between his role as a literary lion and his status as a (distinguished) subject of the king. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). However, the troupe had acquired large debts, mostly for the rent of the theatre (a court for jeu de paume), for which they owed 2000 livres.
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