interesting facts about thanatosinteresting facts about thanatos
xvi. The natural order of life and death was disrupted by the trick of Sisyphus. Thanatos accepted this task, not because it was an order from Zeus, but because honoring death was his solemn duty. "Euphronios Krater: The Continuing Saga (ca. "He died when he was struck on the lips by one single fig. Thanatos was the son of Nyx, the goddess of night, and the brother of Hypnos, the In psychology, Freud described the human tendency for self-destruction by the ancient gods name. vi. They serve as icebreakers Save Image: iStock If the fun fact you share is interesting, it can serve as an icebreaker. Thanatos siblings include Hypnos, Nemesis, Eris, Keres, Oneiroi and others. The concept of death and the afterlife was not static in the Greek worldview. He knew it was a mortal's last ride, so he wanted to make sure it was a smooth one. "Aiskhylos (Aeschylus) : Thanatos (Death) loves not gifts, alone amongst the gods [i.e. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Campbell, Vol. : Terpander Frag 10 (from Palatine Anthology : Tryphon) (trans. Alexander the Great was buried alive. In theIliad,theres a scene where he often appears with Hypnos to carry away Sarpedons body. Hermes also ate a little bit into Thanatos role. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). I am the owner and chief researcher at this site. "Within [the halls of Somnus-Hypnos, god of sleep], glowing Mulciber [Hephaistos (Hephaestus)] had carved a thousand likenesses of the god [Somnus-Hypnos]: . Thy sleep perpetual bursts the vivid bolds by which the soul attracting the body holds: common to all, of every sex and age, for nought escapes thy all-destructive rage. . Hermes (Well, we're kind of frenemies, because he thinks he's a better psychopomp than me.) Apollon : I never took his body away from you by force. The arrival of Thanatos with chains made the clever king suspicious, however. Mors, Letus, Thanatus, Death, The Man in Black, Psychopomp (guiding the souls of the dead to the Underworld)Being Death itself, Night School of Tartarus (where it's always night), Depending on who you askNyx (Mom) Erebos (Dad) orNyx (all by herself), Hypnos The Keres The Furies Nemesis The FatesCharon. Admestos : But why is my wife standing here, and does not speak? Was the Griffin a Bird from Greek Mythology? 1. As the day of the kings death drew near, no one was brave enough to take his place. One of the most famous of these, King Sisyphus, managed to elude death more than once. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : ", Aeschylus, Fragment 82 Niobe (from Stobaeus, Anthology 4. Alas, Thanatos (Death) is never at a loss for an occasion. For other uses, see, Thanatos as a winged and sword-girt youth. He made his first appearance in Place of : Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) : 520 ff : THANATOS was the god or personified spirit (daimon) of non-violent death. Keres], Miseria (Misery), Querella (Complaint), Gratia (Favour), Fraus (Fraud), Pertinacia (Obstinacy), the Parcae (Fates), the Hesperides, the Somnia (Dreams): all of these are fabled to be the children of Erebus (Darkness) and Nox (Night)." 75, 843, 845.) Your email address will not be published. Thanatos was the son of Nyx (night) and 690 ff (trans. : Aeschylus, Sisyphus the Runaway (lost play) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) ", Euripides, Alcestis 870 ff : He could not cross the River Styx, however, because his body had not been given a proper burial. 17. Such are my orders. The Greeks believed that Hermes guided the dead into the underworld. ", Alcaeus, Fragment 38a (trans. Never upon them does Helios, the shining sun, cast the light of his eye-beams, neither when he goes up the sky nor comes down from it. )Dead Like Me (Canceled before its time. He was actually associated more with peaceful death, which he liked to carry out with the help of His name literally translates to death in Greek. ad Hom. : Alcaeus, Fragment 38a (trans. 268 ff (trans. Thanatos had come to take the soul of Alkestis, who had offered her life in exchange for the continued life of her husband, King Admetos of Pherai. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. 632 ff (trans. Violent death was the domain of Thanatos' blood-craving sisters, the Keres, spirits of slaughter and disease. Tomatoes and avocados are actually fruits, not vegetables. Thanatos : You cannot always have your way where you should not. Even though the turn of events angered him, Thanatos considered that Heracles fought and won justly, and he let them go. [N.B. The Greeks believed in many types of death and not all were within the purview of Thanatos. 672, xiv. : Thanatos counterpart in the Roman pantheon is the god Mors or Letum. 18. In some myths, hes considered to be a personified spirit of death rather than a god. He refused to let his body being disgraced on the battlefield. He was amongst the first generation of gods. Some sources said that Thanatoss father was Erebos. The word Polanie means people living in open fields.. ", Euripides, Alcestis 259 ff : "The void [of Haides] is flung open, the spacious shadows of the hidden region are rent, the groves and black rivers lie clear to view, and Acheron belches forth noisome mud. When death again came for Sisyphus he was taken to the underworld. On the whole, later poets describe Death as a sad or terrific being (Horat. She is dying. He has been watching for this day on which her death falls due. Admetos : Where do you say you fought this match with Thanatos (Death)? 9. But the majority of these deities, Thanatos included, are far from evil. Even though she was young and had a long life ahead of her, she was willing to sacrifice it for her husbands sake. Does Death have kids? Sisyphus cheated death by tricking Thanatos into his own shackles, thereby preventing the demise of any mortal while Thanatos was so enchained. He had Hermes forcibly drag the king to Tartarus and lock him inside before he could attempt another escape. . ii. Hippol. The story of Sisyphus is well-known, despite being poorly documented in the original Greek texts. Poland is the second country in the world to develop a constitution. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. He was a minor figure in Greek mythology, often referred to but rarely appearing in person. Thanatos : You mean to take her body, too, away from me? Thanatos was the son of Nyx, the goddess of night, and the brother of Hypnos, the god of sleep. Thanatos is associated with violent death and would be called upon by gods who wished to inflict death upon one another. Another notable story of Thanatos is somewhat less famous than that of Sisyphus, but noteworthy in its own right. ", Homer, Odyssey 11. : The Anacreontea, Fragment 36 (trans. The god's character is established by Hesiod in the following passage of the Theogony: And there the children of dark Night have their dwellings, Sleep and Death, awful gods. Theb. The sole time he was successfully prevented from claiming a mortal life was by the intervention of the hero Heracles, a son of Zeus. The people of Sparta claimed that Ares had been nursed by a nymph called Thero. Weir Smyth) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) "Funereal gods, murky Chaos and shadowy Dis' [Haides'] dark dwelling-place, the abysses of dismal Mors (Death) [Thanatos], girt by the banks of Tartarus. Thanatos was typically described as one of the children of Nyx. Virg. 4 (trans. 51. 34 (trans. He had a reputation as a clever man who used his wits to increase his wealth and power. The story of Thanatos involves deception, special jobs, and a literal fight for someones life! When translated to Greek, his name literally means death. ", Statius, Thebaid 10. Then [Apollon] gave him (Sarpedon) into the charge of swift messengers to carry him, of Hypnos and Thanatos, who are twin brothers, and these two presently laid him down within the rich countryside of broad Lycia. Campbell, Vol. Even those who did not desire a violent end did not welcome the arrival of Thanatos. 211, &c. 756) he is a son of Night and a brother of Ker and Sleep, and Death and Sleep reside in the lower world. Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 51. O'Neill) (Greek comedy C5th to 4th B.C.) 306 ff (trans. ), Sisyphus (Who thought he was sooooo cool when he outsmarted me.) Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. 1.4.13 & Sat. But if I miss my quarry, if he does not come to the clotted offering, I must go down, I must ask Kore (Core, the Maiden) [Persephone] and the Master (Anax) [Haides] in the sunless homes of those below (domos anlios). He ruled over the underworld and all its inhabitants like a king. 154 ; Paus. In Roman mythology, Thanatos was named Mors or Letum. The great hero was the first, and only, human to ever overpower Thanatos. His touch was gentle, likened to that of his twin brother Hypnos (Sleep). (Il. Mozley) (Roman poetry C1st A.D.) : As a punishment for his original crime as well as his repeated attempts to escape the justice of Zeus, Sisyphus was given one of Greek mythologys most infamous labors. Mozley) (Roman poetry C1st A.D.) : Pausanias, Description of Greece 3. 7. In thee the end of natures works is known, 67 ff (trans. Apollon : I know it: hateful to mankind, loathed by the gods. Minnesota is home to many inventions that you probably use. 681 ff : )Wrestlemania (Been watching this to pick up tips in case I have to wrestle Heracles again. 2. : Aesop, Fables 484 (from Syntipas 2) (trans. And again the goddess murky Nyx, though she lay with none, bare Momos (Blame) and painful Oizys (Misery), and the Hesperides . To see a Temple cardiologist today, please call 800-TEMPLE-MED (800-836 ", Theognis, Fragment 1.703 (trans. Vellacott) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) Thanatos, in ancient Greek religion and mythology, the personification of death. Atropos One of the three Moirai, or Fates, she was responsible for the ends of peoples lives. "Nothing shall part us in our love till Thanatos (Death) at his appointed hour removed us from the light of day. . Nox-Nyx, the Night], sluggish brother of cruel Mors (Death) [Thanatos]. "I [the god Herakles] will hold fast the threads of the Parcae [Moirai, Fates] and stretch out the wool upon their distaffs--I can subdue remorseless Mors (Death) [Thanatos]. Greek Elegiac) (Greek elegy C6th B.C.) Hades took Persephone from her garden with the permission of Zeus and took her to be his bride in the Underworld. "Then [Apollon] gave him [Sarpedon] into the charge of swift messengers to carry him, of Hypnos (Sleep) and Thanatos (Death), who are twin brothers, and these two presently laid him down within the rich countryside of broad Lykia (Lycia). It is the one who won't be taken who cannot seem to give. Thanatos, the Greek personification of Death, is an embodiment of non-violent and peaceful passing. It was thought that the Romans first brought the bagpipes to Scotland, who then took the instrument as their own. The Greeks believed in many types of death and not all were within the purview of Thanatos. 11. Thanatos was not cruel, but he was a stoic god who showed no mercy or regret in the execution of his duties. Fairclough) (Roman bucolic C1st B.C.) 8. Herakles : I fought a certain deity who had charge of her. Campbell, Vol. Images for kids Depiction of Thanatos by Mexican artist Mauricio Garca Vega 3. And here is Thanatos (Death) himself, I see him coming, Thanatos who dedicates the dying, who will lead her down to the house of Hades. With this second deception, Zeus did not bother to send Thanatos again. While the Keres were harsh and bloodthirsty, Thanatos released people from the pain and hardships they endured during life. [N.B. At times Thanatos came for those who seemed to meet more violent ends, and at others he was absent even when a death was peaceful. "[The child Hermione cries when her mother Helene abandoned her to elope to Troy :] She wailed, and leaning back her neck breathed Hypnos (Sleep) who walks with Thanatos (Death); for verily it was ordained that both should have all things in common and pursue the works of the elder brother: hence women, weighed down with sorrowing eyes, oft-times, while they weep, fall asleep.". He was actually associated more with peaceful death, which he liked to carry out with the help of his brother Hypnos, the god of sleep. During one of the battles, Zeuss son, the demigod Sarpedon, was killed while fighting for Troy. When one of his friends came to see him and asked how he was, Gorgias said : Hypnos (Sleep) is now beginning to hand me over to his brother [i.e. Thy sleep perpetual bursts the vivid folds Apollon : If she dies old, she will have a lavish burial. [Enter Thanatos (Death), armed with a sword. Childbirth was seen as a womans battleground, and a Spartan woman could hope for no greater honor than to give her life bringing a new generation of strong warriors into the world. Thanatos has a dominant role in two Greek myths. This includes scotch tape, pop-up toasters, water skis, in-the-ear hearing aids, and grocery bags with handles. : "I [Odysseus] wept to see him [the ghost of Agamemnon in Haides], my heart went out ot him, and I uttered these words in rapid fligh t: Renowned Atreides, Agamemnon, the lord of men, what doom (ker) of distressful death (thanatos) overmastered you?", Hesiod, Theogony 758 ff (trans. Ares hurried to Corinth and freed Thanatos from his chains. Hear me, O Thanatos (Death), whose empire unconfined extends to mortal tribes of every kind. : Heracles fought Thanatos and eventually managed to outwrestle him. a tranquil unconsciousness and death (mors) that counterfeited slumber set free thy soul, and bore thee to Tartarus [Haides] under the false semblance of repose.". His name literally translates to death in Greek. In some myths, hes considered to be a personified spirit of death rather than a god. The touch of Thanatos was gentle, often compared to the touch of Hypnos, who was the god of sleep. Thanatos and Hypnos are twins; this is where the saying, Death, and his brother, sleep, comes from. [is] worn out with ferrying the fresh throng o'er. Even though Thanatos was Death and all, the Greeks didn't think of him as a bad guy. Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C. Please like and share this article if you found it useful. "Fate's implacable decree, and the howl of insatiable Acherontis [Mors-Thanatos, Death]. "Nyx (Night) carries Hypnos in her arms, and he is Thanatos' (Death's) brother . While the Greeks did not always wish for a gentle death, and men like Sisyphus went to great lengths to avoid it, Thanatos represented a peaceful end to life and, eventually, the hope of an idyllic afterlife to follow. Meaning and Healing Properties, Do I Need Sapphire? However, Thanatos is somewhat of an exception. It is the dream afraid of waking that never takes the chance. However, Heracles drove him off through combat. Letum is less common and often refers to the Keres instead. [1.1] NYX (no father) (Hesiod Theogony 212, Homer Iliad 14.250, Pausanias 5.18.1, Seneca Hercules Fur. According to a play by Euripides, the spirit of death once wrestled one of Greeces most famous heroes. Observations on a Red-figures fragment", Mythography: The Greek God Thanatos in Myth and Art, Classical mythology in western art and literature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thanatos&oldid=1140641605, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 01:39. 2 ; Eurip. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 277.) "All through the tangle of that desperate fray stalked slaughter and doom. : iv. Campbell, Vol. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. This article was most recently revised and updated by, From Athena to Zeus: Basics of Greek Mythology, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Thanatos-Greek-mythology. Greek Lyric I) (Greek lyric C6th B.C.) In Greek mythology, Thanatos plays an important role in three essential stories: Thanatos is most commonly associated with one event that took place in the Trojan war. Her children included such ills as old age, strife, and pain. 64 ff : While they were not specifically spirits of death, they were associated with taking people to the underworld. She was reluctant to show such disrespect, but eventually agreed to his request. "Chorus : We would like to know whether the queen [Alkestis] is dead or if she is alive. Wives and daughters are awake for murder . It is too strong. All the same, the woman goes with me to Haides' house. In the UK, The Queen legally owns all unmarked swans. Thanatos has also been portrayed as a slumbering infant in the arms of his mother Nyx, or as a youth carrying a butterfly (the ancient Greek word "" can mean soul or butterfly, or life, amongst other things) or a wreath of poppies (poppies were associated with Hypnos and Thanatos because of their hypnogogic traits and the eventual death engendered by overexposure to them). Charon The ferryman who transported the souls of the dead across the River Styx and into the underworld also sometimes appeared to take people through the gates himself. He may have ruled over the land of the dead but it was Thanatos who took souls to his realm! 10. He was, therefore, sometimes described as the twin brother of Hypnos, the spirit of sleep. ", Seneca, Hercules Furens 1063 ff : This time, he pleaded his case with Persephone. Pausanias, Description of Greece 3. Conybeare) (Greek biography C1st to C2nd A.D.) : Thanatos God of Death Poetical Miscellany, Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana. It is Haides (Death)." 18. Wilson) (Greek rhetorician C2nd to 3rd A.D.) : Colluthus, Rape of Helen 365 ff (trans. : A flock of flamingos is called a flamboyance. I insist on enjoying my rights too. Thanatos also had a brief confrontation with the hero Heracles. 13. She has a wide range of interests ranging from ancient cultures and mythology to Harry Potter and gardening. On the orders of Zeus, Hypnos and Thanatos carried off the body of Sarpedon from the battlefield to the country of the Lykians (Lycians). Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) Thanatos was only one of the deities who escorted people into the afterlife, however. ", Statius, Thebaid 4. This change of function also brought about a change in how Thanatos was depicted in art. Rackham) (Roman rhetorician C1st B.C.) 34. xi. What Is the Demeter and Persephone Story Summarized? Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st A.D.) : Seneca, Oedipus 647 ff (trans. 231.) The god of Death was then forced to release Alcestis. extends to mortal tribes of ev'ry kind. Thanatos : I will not do it. Early in Greek history, people believed that virtually all souls ended up in the same part of Hades realm. Fairclough) (Roman epic C1st B.C.) Exciting Fun Facts about Greece. His revealing of the gods secrets angered Zeus, and he was punished. : Mair) (Greek poetry C5th to C6th A.D.) : More important than his name, however, the idea of thanatos has continued. A peaceful death in old age was a much different experience, and therefore had a different daimon than a violent death in battle or the valiant death of a great hero. Thanatos was not the same god as Hades; though Hades ruled the underworld, Thanatos was the god who brought peaceful deaths to the underworld. The angry goddess put snakes in his bed and killed him. One of the famous Indian history facts is that India has not been invaded any country in the last ten thousand years. With Thanatos chained, the people on earth could not die in the normal way. Only those who lived exceptionally virtuous lives or had direct persona connections to the gods would go there. 32) : Aristophanes, Birds 1360 ff (trans. : Homer, Iliad 16. Thanatos, the god of death, was ordered by Zeus and Hades to chain Sisyphus to a rock in Tartarus, the dungeon of the wicked in the Underworld. : Pseudo-Hyginus, Preface (trans. 1127 ff : Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 1. 12. Because of this, he was sometimes given the epithet Paean, the healing. The word was more often used in the sense of deliverance from evil or misfortune than physical healing, and recognized the role a gentle death gave in releasing people from the pains of life. ", Aesop, Fables 484 (from Syntipas 2) (trans. There are traces of sacrifices having been offered to Death (Serv. But in return, he was tricked. "[Hera speaks to Zeus about the approaching death of his son Sarpedon :] But after the soul and the years of his life have left him [Sarpedon], then send Thanatos (Death) to carry him away, and Hypnos (Sleep), who is painless, until they come with him to the countryside of broad Lykia (Lycia) where his brothers and countrymen shall give him due burial with tomb and gravestone.", Homer, Iliad 16. 13. Rackham) (Roman rhetorician C1st B.C.) And the soul afraid of dying that never learns to live." They must die in the end. : Aeschylus, Fragment 82 Niobe (from Stobaeus, Anthology 4. No suppliant arts thy dreadful rage controul, And there [near the house of Nyx in the underworld] the children of gloomy Nyx have their houses. 13. His touch was gentle, likened to that of his twin brother Hypnos (Sleep). The famous Mars Bars company began in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1920, with the release of the Milky Way bar in 1923. You at this house, Phoibos (Phoebus)? When Alcestis and Admetus got married, drunk Admetus failed to give sacrifice to the goddess of wild animals, Artemis. It also describes bodily changes that accompany death and the after-death period. The name Thanantos, and the Greek word it came from, still has some use today. "Herakles : I must save this woman who has died so lately, bring Alkestis back to live in this house and pay Admetos all the kindness that I owe. The death that Thanatos brought with him was as easy and peaceful as the sleep his brother induced. The Pale Rider, Death, is often called by his Greek name. Thanatos, who is death personified, is a primordial deity, meaning he was one of the first deities that emerged at the beginning of the cosmos, that is, along with the The Greeks believed that different types of death were the domains of different deities. The glowing Sun never looks upon them with his beams, neither as he goes up into heaven, nor as he comes down from heaven. Maid : I could tell you that she is still alive or that she is dead. The rest of Greece was not as militant as the Spartans, but they still valued a heroic death over a peaceful one. : He quickly fled, leaving Thanatos unable to escape. 492 (trans. iv. 67 ff (trans. Greek Lyric II) (Greek lyric C5th or C4th B.C.) His name is transliterated in Latin as Thanatus, but his counterpart in Roman mythology is Mors or Letum. The king of Corinth, Sisyphus, was known for his guile and trickery. The first of the three myths take place during the Trojan War in Homers Each hour a new train moves on to Mors (Death) [Thanatos]; the long array of a mournful band hastes to the shades; the gloomy procession jams, and for the throng that seeks burial the seven gates spread not wide enough. More often than not, he was depicted as an extremely beautiful god, similar to Eros and the other winged deities of the Greek mythology. "[The wounded Philoktetes (Philoctetes) laments :] O Death (thanatos), the healer (paian), reject me not, but come! Long before people were imagining Death as a bony dude with a big scythe, the Greeks thought of him as a bearded man with wings. : Bacchylides, Fragment 13 (trans. "Alkestis [has a vision of Death]: Somebody has me, somebody takes me away, do you see, don't you see, to the courts of dead men. Once there, however, he refused to return to the underworld. Together they carried the body from the battlefront to Lycia, Sarpedons homeland, for a proper heros burial. He was simply its overlord. Greek Lyric I) (Greek lyric C7th B.C.) "Pleasant lives droop and fail, Mors (Death) [Thanatos] with his sword cuts through the Sister's [Moirai's, Fates] threads, and hurries the stricken city to the shades. ", Terpander Frag 10 (from Palatine Anthology : Tryphon) (trans. Sigmund Freud, a famous psychologist, used the word in one of his theories. 13, Sat. 4 (trans. "[The ghost of Laios (Laius) demands Oidipous (Oedipus) be expelled from Thebes before he will recall the pestilence daimones ravaging the land back to Haides :] Chorus : How could a person both be dead and live and see? THANATOS (Thanatos), Latin Mors, a personification of Death. 171 ff : Gerber, Vol. Greek Lyric I) (Greek lyric C7th B.C.) : Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) What Were the Hamadryads in Greek Mythology? Meaning and Healing Properties. Not youth itself thy clemency can gain, vigorous and strong, by thee untimely slain. Web Thanatos was claimed to have superhuman strength, stamina, endurance, and resistance to harm. Like most of the personification spirits in Greek mythology, his name was a literal translation of his purpose. The primordial goddess of the night and darkness, she gave birth to many of the daimones that represented more negative aspects of the human experience. Most literature states that Thanatos was the son of the night goddess Nyx, and that he had no father. One of his ", Euripides, Alcestis 19 ff (trans. Apollon : But he is my friend, and his misfortunes trouble me. "And Nyx (Night) bare hateful Moros (Doom) and black Ker (Violent Death) and Thanatos (Death), and she bare Hypnos (Sleep) and the tribe of Oneiroi (Dreams). Speaking of numbers, the opposite sides of a die (one of a pair of dice) will always equal 7. and represented Death under a more pleasing aspect. Greek Lyric II) (Greek lyric C5th or C4th B.C.) "As for myself [Mopsos], though Thanatos (Death) still shudders at the sight of me, I have the feeling that the coming year will see me in the grave. Picasso immediately reacted with a grimace and a bellow of fury. Source: factretriever.com 3. Thanatos : If you mean fairly, what are you doing with a bow? Being the loving and loyal wife, Alcestis stepped forward and volunteered to take his place and die. : : Bacchylides, Fragment 20e (trans. But in myths which feature him, Thanatos could occasionally be outwitted, a feat that the sly King Sisyphus of Korinth twice accomplished. 9. Thanatos naively offered a demonstration. Thanatos, Death].", Colluthus, Rape of Helen 365 ff (trans. Sometimes they even imagined him as a kid with wings and a penchant for flapping around with an upside down torch. An Orphic Hymn that invoked Thanatos, here given in late 18th century translation: To Death, Fumigation from Manna. The motto of the country is Elftheria i thanatos (Freedom or Death) these nine; syllables are reflected in the nine stripes of the Greek flag and symbolize the resistance of the Greek people against the Ottoman rule O blessed power, regard my ardent prayer, and human life to age abundant spare. Theoi Project Copyright 2000 - 2017 Aaron J. Atsma, Netherlands & New Zealand, Hesiod Theogony 212, Homer Iliad 14.250, Pausanias 5.18.1, Seneca Hercules Fur. Both were usually represented as slumbering youths, or as genii with torches turned upside down. Just before the entrance, even within the very jaws of Orcus [Haides], Luctus (Grief) [Penthos] and avenging Curae (Cares) have set their bed; there pale Morbi (Diseases) [Nosoi] dwell, sad Senectus (Old Age) [Geras], and Metus (Fear) [Phobos, and Fames (Hunger) [Limos], temptress to sin, and loathly Egestas (Want) [Aporia], shapes terrible to view; and Letum (Death) [Thanatos] and Labor (Distress) [Ponos]; next, Letum's (Death's) own brother Sopor (Sleep) [Hypnos], and Gaudia (the soul's Guilty Joys), and, on the threshold opposite, the death-dealing Bellum (War) [Polemos], and the Eumenides' [Erinyes', Furies'] iron cells, and maddening Discordia (Strife) [Eris], her snaky locks entwined with bloody ribbons.
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