She also had extensive tearing of her genitals and rectum from the pliers. [38] The trial court instructed the jury that it could find first degree murder based on the infliction of torture if two requirements were met: "(1) the act or acts which cause the death must involve a high degree of probability of death, and (2) the defendant must commit such act or acts with a wilful, deliberate and premeditated intent to inflict extreme and prolonged pain." 13, and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16. Then, towards the middle the sounds are of Bittaker beating her about the chest with his fists and tormenting the screaming and pleading girl with vise grip pliers on her genitals, breasts and nipples. An audio tape of Shirley Lynette Ledford's final moments, found in Bittaker's van, would be the most damning evidence at the trial. But for veteran crime writer and crusading editor J. Patrick OConnor, the factsor a lack of themdidnt add up. There was a problem getting your location. Norris strangled her with a wire coat hanger. At one point he asked her, what are you sniveling about?. Its a visceral reaction because youre hearing a real-life scream. Norris stated that on two occasions, Bittaker had saved his life, though there are no details of what happened on these occasions. 2d 711, 726, 91 S. Ct. 3d 1100] that, absent the error in question, the jury would have reached a different result. Shirley Ledford was only 18 years old when she was brutally assaulted, tortured and murdered by Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris, known as "The Toolbox Killers", on Halloween Night of October 31, 1979. She was found the next morning by a jogger. There, he was given a psychiatric examination, and he was found to be a manipulative and borderline psychotic with concealed hostility. But this young girl was not the first victim, she was the last, and unknown to the residents of the city, this was a team that had been working for months. 3d 865 [183 Cal. On Halloween night in 1979, 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford became their fifth and final victim. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison in 1980. . Warning Sensitive Content: Click here to read the Transcript of Shirley Lynette Ledford audio recording. Their goal was to cover all aspects of true crime: Read More, Contents Copyright 1998-2020 by Crime Magazine | J. Patrick O'Connor Editor | E-mail CrimeMagazine.com, Designed by Orman. As she tried to get away, Bittaker punched her in the face as hard as he could. Louie followed defendant outside and asked if defendant had forgotten to pay for anything. Other than Daltons word, there was no evidence that he was telling the truth. Polytrichum Sporophyte, (Rogers, at p. [29] The court refused to permit defense counsel to mention in his opening statement that Norris had been adjudicated a mentally disordered sex offender (MDSO). Both men were charged with the first degree murders of the five girls. For example, during the general voir dire of Juror Staggs, she said that if defendant committed rape, "I think I would probably be more inclined to go for a stiffer sentence, possible." Jacqueline Doris Gilliam, 15, and Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, on September 2; and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16, on October 31. Shirley Lynette Ledford's body was found by a jogger the following morning. (Ibid.) There was evidence that all of the victims except Schaefer voluntarily entered defendant's van. 0 cemeteries found in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County, California, USA. After listening to what Dalton had to tell them, they passed him along to the detectives at Hermosa Beach. Juror Mims was uncertain whether he could return a death verdict and told the judge, "If you ask me if I could kill somebody, I don't know. Within 5 minutes of Shirley Lynette entering the van Bittaker drove the van to the silent place, then Shirley was thrown to the back side of the van. Bittakers new friend, Roy Lewis Norris, was eight years younger, born on February 2, 1948, in Greeley, Colorado. Norris was sentenced to 45 years to life, and would have to spend a minimum of 30 years in jail before being eligible for parole. Norris was one of the lucky ones, during his tour in Vietnam, he never saw action. TRANSCRIPT OF SHIRLEY LYNETTE LEDFORD AUDIO RECORDING#Shirleylynetteledford #toolboxkillers #behindhistory Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. They also put in a cooler and a toolbox. (h).) Dalton didnt believe one word of it, thinking Norris was trying to make himself look important. Do Mice Eat Their Babies If You Touch Them, The overly confident Norris waved his right to counsel and the interrogation began. He didn't say that he couldn't do it." 1 16-Year-Old Lucinda Cindy Schaeffer. Cindy convulsed for a few more moments before her body went limp and she stopped moving. Bittaker, on the other hand, seemed to be amused by the whole proceedings. 2. Cindy told him that she didnt and carried on walking. Maybe it was this rootless lifestyle, this instability, which made Lawrence rebellious. Drag images here or select from your computer for Shirley Lynette Ledford memorial. fn. 13-year-old Jacqueline Leah Lamp and 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford. Markman did not agree with the opinions of the other experts who had examined Bittaker. 0 cemeteries found in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County, California, USA. In total, Bittaker and Norris killed five women in a five-month span in 1979: Lucinda "Cindy" Schaefer, 16; Andrea Hall, 18; Jacqueline Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, and Shirley Lynette . She was followed by Andrea Joy Hall, 18; Jacqueline Doris Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16. . Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. (P. The court sustained the prosecutor's objection. Twenty five times the sledge hammer falls as Lynette screams in pain. The court afforded the prosecutor a chance to respond -- the prosecutor denied the charge -- and then denied defendant's motion. Subsequent cases, however, have steadily drawn back from the use of a per se standard. Paroled once more, he went back to prison in October, 1964. The employee lived, and Bittaker was charged with attempted murder. Norris took over the driving while Bittaker went into the back with the naked and terrified girl. You can feel it in your gut when youre hearing the screams.. Displayed on their lawn, like a discarded Halloween prop, was the naked and tortured body of the young girl. But it didnt kill her. Between February and June, the two men drove up and down the Pacific Coast Highway where they would stop at beaches, talk with some of the girls there and snap photographs, seemingly acting like a couple of normal guys, rather than two men practicing for a killing spree. They saw Lucinda (Cindy) Schaefer, age 16, walking along the highway. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Bittaker and Norris offered Lynette a ride home in their van; she accepted because she recognized Bittaker as a regular customer at the restaurant she worked at part time. The conclusion was that Bittaker would likely continue to commit new crimes once he was released. 12. She never made it there. Your email address will not be published. Failed to remove flower. Defendant contends that the search of Shoopman's cell and seizure of evidence was illegal because the affidavit supporting the warrant contained a reference to the contents of the Ledford tape. Victim No. Norris climbed into the van and drove off, leaving Bittaker and Andrea alone on the fire road. This browser does not support getting your location. We reviewed a study by Dr. Craig Haney which indicated that jurors who had been through a death-qualifying process were more likely to believe the defendant guilty and to favor the death penalty, and noted his conclusion that "'[t]he more extensive the questioning, the more you would expect to find important differences between the state of mind of jurors who have been through the one process [death-qualification] as compared with those who have been though the other [voir dire without death qualification].'" Your Scrapbook is currently empty. She could only listen to 30 seconds of Shirleys tape. 3d 1104], Defendant attacks numerous assertions made during the prosecutor's penalty argument. The community was horrified, they had just ended one serial killer spree, and now they were facing another. To add to the photographic trophies, Bittaker has also brought along a tape recorder, and they taped themselves brutalizing the girls. Il documentario del 2012 The Devil and the Death Penalty parla degli omicidi descrivendo i problemi riguardanti gli appelli nelle condanne a morte. 3194]) or under California decisions which govern searches antedating DeLancie v. Superior Court (1982) 31 Cal. By November, 1969, Norris was back in the United States, and once again stationed at San Diego. 172-173) and endorsed a jury instruction which required that defendant "commit such act or acts with the intent to cause cruel pain and suffering for the purpose of revenge, extortion, persuasion or for any other sadistic purpose." Surrounded by the Angeles National Forest, it was remote enough for the men and their purpose. When Cindy got closer, Norris asked again, and once again, Cindy declined. For the same reason, we cannot determine whether it is reasonably probable that a result more favorable to defendant would have resulted from a timely objection. And it does not permit the jury to determine what penalty is appropriate after the weighing process because, according to the prosecutor, if aggravating circumstances outweigh mitigating the jurors have no choice but to impose the death penalty. Lawrence "Pliers" Bittaker has now been on death row for 31 years. [6] Finally, defendant argues that even if his consent to the search was voluntary, he did not consent to the seizure of evidence. In addition, they had come across a gated fire road and smashed the padlock to gain access. Shirley had decided to hitchhike home after a Halloween party and was fatefully picked up by Bittaker and Norris. Ever since I happened to see a documentary on Bittaker and Norris, their sheer brutality has haunted me. The Toolbox Killers: The Murders. He was convicted on five counts of first-degree murder, and sentenced to death; however, due to multiple appeals, he ultimately died in prison in December 2019 at age 79. On cross-examination, defendant acknowledged that he had begun writing a book, and had shown drafts to a newspaper reporter and a guard. On the night of November 29, 1988, near the impoverished Marlborough neighborhood in south Kansas City, an explosion at a construction site killed six of the citys firefighters. When actor Scott Glenn was preparing for the role of Jack Crawford in The Silence of the Lambs, he listened to the tape. Cindy was aware that she was going to die, and she pleaded for the men to allow her to pray. At the Colony, Bittaker made a new friend, a man named Roy Norris. Shirley Ledford passed away at age 16 years old on November 1, 1979 in Los Angeles. For Bittaker and Norris, the day had started off fairly ordinarily. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. medianet_width = "728"; FN 35. fn. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. 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