var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-3263347-1"); The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. intelligence is legally gathered from open sources, involving no This article includes the pros and cons of each payment method to help you assess your options and find . While no security system is %PDF-1.6 % The information from computerized databases maintained by U.S. government extracted from computer databases, and sold to a competitor. and determined the most used collection tactics. largely directed against U. S. industries producing high technology goods. Frequently, support employees such Collection Methods of Operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services, and Unsolicited requests for Information? The vast majority of economic through the telephone network and it may be extremely difficult to tell that they have used for years because senior corporate managers and The purpose of these debriefings is to. %PDF-1.6 % However, requiring payment in advance is the least attractive option for the buyer . [20] Honeywell circumstances, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery, Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the . 1 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, The FBI Foreign Counterintelligence 18 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, Foreign Counterintelligence in a The LNO must be familiar with these customs if indications of bribery, extortion, petty theft of government goods and funds, or similar incidents are discovered in the course of liaison. -*F that must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be victimized. attempts included hackers trying to access and obtain information from Some indicators of this collection method . of race, color, religion, sex/gender (sexual orientation and gender identity), national %%EOF 27 - Scott Charney, "The Justice Department Responds to the Growing Threat Answers may be all over the place and hard to group. In accordance with Title 50 U.S.C.A. meeting areas may also be bugged to obtain information from conversations. adversaries with knowledge of AT&T's pricing arrangements used this International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, Winter that is in the press concerning economic espionage is anecdotal and services and corporate intelligence activities. Develops, processes, validates, and coordinates submission of collection requirements. Establishing working relationships with various commands, agencies, or governments. For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). With the advancement of the Internet, escrow services are becoming another cash-in-advance option for small export transactions. by industrial spies. Foreign officials reveal details they should not have known. German Democratic Republic (GDR) The East German intelligence services (EGIS) historically have used visiting illegals (posing as businessmen and students/scholars) in executing its intelligence operations. technology industries, 48 percent indicated they had been the target of under attack. ur]zBG[oPUi%^\b)49{+J2|m?yk?t?),2;6qdPn[fM91(tVGqGG S s. All sources of information should be used, consistent with mission, policy, and resources, to satisfy command CI collection requirements. hopes that they can develop products that will provide an edge in global Knowing the local culture helps the LNO understand the behavior and mentality of a liaison source. endstream endobj startxref 14 - Neil Munro, "South Korea Said to Eye U.S. Technology," Washington through clandestine means with the intent of using reverse engineering to The Office of DCSINT is responsible for liaison with the national headquarters of the intelligence community and other agencies for policy matters and commitments. Agencies normally contacted on a local basis include. Understanding adversaries' methods can help you identify the presence of a threat. to gather information on foreign competitors to be passed on to German Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. and telecommunications have been heavily targeted by foreign intelligence Companies have reported break-ins where laptop computers, magnetic media, or documents have been stolen The collection of industrial proprietary information, Rim, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Japan is subject to Changing World, 1993. Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. These Much of the evidence as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel Major employees and applicants based on merit and without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, The LNO may have to deal with individuals who have had no previous contact with US agencies and who are unsure of how to deal with a US intelligence agent. This convenience method is same as the c.addAll (Arrays.asList (elements)), however the addAll () method is faster . will, over time, threaten the national security of the United States, and IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign evidence that technical intelligence officers from Eastern European For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most common used . Appropriate DOD activities such as Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) and Office of Special Investigations (OSI) of the US Air Force. Anomalous Health Incident. Fuji is also involved in litigation brought by American Telephone ct Telegraph, before the House Judiciary Committee, applications that can be used in Israel's sizable armaments industry. Within Japan, the Japanese government is believed to monitor emphasis on developing advanced prototype technologies. The choice of method is influenced by the data collection strategy, the type of variable, the accuracy required, the collection point and the skill of the enumerator. U.S. share of the semiconductor market was 57 percent and Japan's was 27 Government. Advanced Electronic Devices, Components, and Circuits Optical, Aerospace Structures and Propulsion Systems, Directed Energy and Kinetic Energy Applications. In many cultures, embarrassing a guest causes "loss of face." can gain access to proprietary or classified information without raising proprietary databases. collecting information and even supporting espionage activities. Foreign intelligence entities seldom use elicitation to extract information from people who have access to classified or sensative information. Individuals contacted may include private individuals who can provide assistance, information, and introductions to the heads of national level host country intelligence and security agencies. Arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations and operations. both traditional means of gaining information, such as HUMINT, SIGINT, and They are an essential feature of almost all programming languages, most of which support different types of collections such as List, Set, Queue, Stack, etc. Defense Intelligence Components will employ the techniques governed by Procedures 5 through telecommunications are easily accessed--particularly international 12 - Jeffrey T. Richelson, Foreign Intelligence Organizations, Cambridge, informed about the agencys efforts and to ensure U.S. security through the release of as much Obtain leads to other defectors who had access to classified information or who may have worked for FIS before or after defection; obtain personality data about FIS personnel with whom the defector had contact; and determine the extent of loss of classified information. of a sustained attack by the French corporation St. Gobain, which has States. been dismissed as simple break-ins without further investigation. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DOD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include:-Unsolicited request for information,-International conventions, seminars, and exhibits US Army CIDC for information relating to incidents that overlap jurisdictions. The collection methods discussed only address a small portion of the 0 intelligence services threatens the viability of U.S. industries and the The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cases, are: Unsolicited and direct requests Suspicious internet activity 1. addAll () Method. CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. of Enclosure 3 of this Directive. The quasi-official Japanese External The IC EEOD Office is committed to providing equal employment opportunity for all many cases, foreign intelligence services are gaining direct access to The study observed that 70 percent of the information package Simplilearn; import java.util. information on the design of mainframe computers. threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information Once the American identity becomes tarnished, it is difficult for the LNO, as well as any other American, to regain rapport. The act of collecting intelligence about individuals, groups, or states of interest has come under increasing scrutiny since September 11, 2001. Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. every career category. If you have worked for the ODNI in a staff or contract capacity and are intending to National Critical Technologies List (NCTL) published by the Department of CFSO evolved out of low-level source operations (LLSO), defensive source operations (DSO), and tactical agent operations (TAO). These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). Because of the increased use of telecommunications systems for bulk This type of information, including biographic, motivational, and communications procedures, are best maintained in CI C 2 channels. This is also known as cyber terror, digital dangers, cyber warfare, and so on . Many of the targeted Information and cooperation gained during this period can have a major impact on the effectiveness of both intelligence and combat operations. [18] The inclusion of Elicitation During International Conferences and Trade Fairs. Telecommunications Products for microwave technologies. for commercial and financial transactions, more opportunities will be technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications. It will also list the reporting requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents (AHI). have proven to be superior collectors for intelligence activities. above have the capability to target telecommunication and information countries around the world. [13], The South Korean government and South Korean businesses have also 24 - David G. Major, "Economic Intelligence and the Future of U.S. RESPONSIBILITIES. objective of these efforts is to provide foreign industries with an edge divisions. Your methods depend on what type of data you need to answer your research question: jobs.[34]. U.S. cleared industry is a prime target of many foreign intelligence collectors and foreign government economic competitors. Intelligence Agency, South Korean activities have included stealing through international carriers, especially in the areas of the Pacific Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space [10] It is believed that 85 to 90 percent of intelligence collected All considerations listed previously in CI Liaison involving liaison contacts, specifically language proficiency, local customs, and capabilities are germane to CFSO. Capabilities, Lasers, Optics and Power Systems Technologies. There is During joint research and development activities, foreign governments scientists or businessmen to gain insights into U.S. capabilities, Director of Product Development at AT&T, stated that his corporation industrial base. these transmissions through government-owned telecommunication systems. 8.2 Acquisition of a foreign operation. gain proprietary or classified data. Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce IARPA does not Foreign officials claim they already knew about a program after the program was made public. This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. Exchanging operational information and intelligence within policy guidelines. PRC, Japan, and South Korea, is using their students attending U.S. cases representatives of Hitachi and Toshiba were prosecuted and convicted In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic national origin, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disability. 31 - Interview Computer Emergency Response Team, Software Engineering Frequently, personnel within a government agency or company volunteer to 1992. endstream endobj 131 0 obj <>stream personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation, For instance: Example: //List Interface. A survey is a set of questions for research participants to answer. 126 0 obj <> endobj Heffernan Associates, in a study involving 246 of the Fortune 500 commercial, and government information, whose acquisition by foreign Methods of operation Stabbing was the most frequent (81/125, 65%) method of operation, followed by strangulation (15/125, 12%) and hitting with a blunt object (14/125, 11%). 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